Takaitacciyar magana game da masu gwajin gishiri ②

1) Rarraba gwajin feshin gishiri

Gwajin feshin gishiri shine a kwaikwayi al'amarin lalata ta hanyar wucin gadi a cikin yanayin yanayi don tantance juriyar lalata kayan ko samfur.Dangane da yanayin gwaje-gwaje daban-daban, gwajin feshin gishiri ya kasu galibi zuwa nau'i hudu: gwajin feshin gishiri tsaka tsaki, gwajin feshin gishiri mai acidic, gwajin feshin gishiri na jan karfe da sauran gwajin feshin gishiri.

1.Neutral Salt Spray Test (NSS) shine farkon kuma mafi yawan amfani da hanzarin gwajin lalata.Gwajin yana amfani da 5% sodium chloride saline bayani, ana daidaita ƙimar PH a cikin tsaka-tsakin tsaka-tsaki (6-7), zafin gwajin shine 35 ℃, abin da ake buƙata na sasantawar gishirin gishiri tsakanin 1-2ml / 80cm2.h.

2.Acid Salt Spray Test (ASS) an ɓullo da a kan tushen tsaka tsaki gwajin fesa gishiri.Gwajin yana ƙara glacial acetic acid zuwa 5% sodium chloride bayani, wanda ya rage darajar pH na maganin zuwa kusan 3. Maganin ya zama acidic, kuma gishirin gishiri da aka kafa a karshen kuma ya zama acidic daga tsaka tsaki na gishiri.Adadin lalatarsa ​​kusan sau uku ne na gwajin NSS.

3.Copper ion accelerated gishiri fesa gwajin (CASS) wani sabon ɓullo da waje m gishiri fesa gwajin lalata.Gwajin zafin jiki shine 50 ℃, kuma ƙaramin adadin gishiri na jan karfe - jan karfe chloride ana saka shi a cikin maganin gishiri, wanda ke haifar da lalata da ƙarfi, kuma ƙimar lalata ta kusan sau 8 na gwajin NSS.

4.Alternating gishiri gwajin gwajin ne mai cikakken gishiri fesa gwajin, wanda shi ne a zahiri wani canji na tsaka tsaki gwajin gishiri, gwajin damp zafi da sauran gwaje-gwaje.Ana amfani da shi galibi don duka samfurin nau'in rami, ta hanyar shiga cikin yanayin ɗanɗano, don haka ba a samar da lalatawar gishiri a saman samfurin ba, har ma a cikin samfurin.Samfurin ne a cikin feshin gishiri, zafi mai ɗanɗano da sauran yanayin muhalli mai canza juzu'i, kuma a ƙarshe tantance kaddarorin lantarki da injina na samfuran duka tare da ko ba tare da canje-canje ba.

Abin da ke sama cikakken bayani ne ga rarrabuwar kawuna huɗu na gwajin feshin gishiri da halayensa.A cikin aikace-aikacen aikace-aikacen, yakamata a zaɓi hanyar gwajin feshin gishiri mai dacewa bisa ga halayen samfurin da manufar gwajin.

Teburin 1 tare da ambaton GB/T10125-2021 "Gwajin lalatawar yanayi na wucin gadi" da kayan da ke da alaƙa suna ba da kwatancen gwajin gwajin gishiri guda huɗu.

Table 1 Jerin kwatancen gwaje-gwajen feshin gishiri guda huɗu

2) Hukuncin gwajin feshin gishiri

Gwajin feshin gishiri hanya ce mai mahimmanci ta gwajin lalata, ana amfani da ita don tantance juriyar lalata kayan a cikin yanayin feshin gishiri.Sakamakon hanyar tantancewa ya haɗa da hanyar tantance ƙididdigewa, hanyar tantance ƙididdigewa, hanyar ƙayyadaddun bayyanar kayan abu mara kyau da hanyar tantance ƙididdiga na bayanan lalata.

1. Hanyar yanke hukunci shine ta kwatanta rabon yanki na lalata da jimillar yanki, an raba samfurin zuwa matakai daban-daban, tare da wani matakin musamman a matsayin tushen yanke hukunci.Wannan hanyar tana dacewa da kimanta samfuran lebur, kuma tana iya gani a gani matakin lalata samfurin.

2. Yin la'akari da hanyar yanke hukunci shine ta hanyar nauyin samfurin kafin da kuma bayan yin la'akari da gwajin lalata, ƙididdige nauyin hasara mai lalacewa, don yin hukunci da girman juriya na samfurin.Wannan hanya ta dace musamman don ƙimar juriya na ƙarfe, tana iya ƙididdige ƙimar lalata samfurin.

3. Hanyar tabbatar da bayyanar da lalacewa hanya ce ta ƙididdigewa, ta hanyar lura da samfuran gwajin lalata na gishiri ko don samar da yanayin lalata don tantancewa.Wannan hanya mai sauƙi ne kuma mai hankali, don haka ana amfani dashi sosai a cikin ka'idodin samfur.

4. Ƙididdigar ƙididdiga na bayanan lalata yana ba da hanya don tsara gwaje-gwaje na lalata, nazarin bayanan lalata da kuma ƙayyade matakin amincewa na bayanan lalata.Ana amfani da shi musamman don yin nazari, lalata ƙididdiga, maimakon musamman don ƙayyadaddun ingancin samfur.Wannan hanya na iya aiwatarwa da kuma nazarin babban adadin bayanan lalata don zana mafi daidaito kuma tabbataccen ƙarshe.

A taƙaice, hanyoyin ƙayyade gwajin feshin gishiri suna da halaye na kansu da iyakokin aikace-aikacen, kuma ya kamata a zaɓi hanyar da ta dace don ƙaddara bisa ga takamaiman buƙatu.Waɗannan hanyoyin suna ba da muhimmin tushe da hanyoyi don tantance juriyar lalata kayan.