Takaitacciyar magana game da masu gwajin gishiri ①

Gwajin Fasa Gishiri

Gishiri, wanda za'a iya cewa shine mafi yaɗuwar fili a duniya, yana ko'ina a cikin teku, yanayi, ƙasa, tafkuna da koguna. Da zarar an shigar da barbashi na gishiri cikin ɗigon ruwa ƙanƙanta, za a sami yanayin fesa gishiri. A irin waɗannan wurare, yana da wuya a yi ƙoƙarin kare abubuwa daga tasirin feshin gishiri. A haƙiƙa, fesa gishiri shine na biyu bayan zafin jiki, rawar jiki, zafi da zafi, da kuma yanayi mai ƙura dangane da lalacewar injina da samfuran lantarki (ko abubuwan haɗin gwiwa).

Gwajin feshin gishiri muhimmin sashi ne na lokacin haɓaka samfur don tantance juriyar lalatarsa. Irin waɗannan gwaje-gwajen sun fi kasu kashi biyu: ɗaya ita ce gwajin fallasa yanayin yanayi, wanda ke ɗaukar lokaci da aiki, don haka ba a cika amfani da shi ba a aikace; ɗayan kuma shine gwajin muhalli na simulated gishiri mai simulated, inda taro na chloride zai iya kaiwa sau da yawa ko ma sau goma na abubuwan feshin gishiri na yanayin halitta, kuma ƙimar lalata tana ƙaruwa sosai, don haka yana rage lokacin isa. sakamakon gwajin. Misali, samfurin samfurin da zai ɗauki shekara guda yana lalatawa a cikin yanayi na yanayi ana iya gwada shi a cikin yanayin feshin gishiri da aka kwaikwayi tare da sakamako iri ɗaya a cikin sa'o'i 24 kaɗan.

1) Ka'idar gwajin feshin gishiri

Gwajin feshin gishiri gwaji ne da ke kwaikwayi yanayin yanayin feshin gishiri kuma ana amfani da shi da farko don tantance juriyar lalata samfura da kayan. Wannan gwajin yana amfani da kayan gwajin feshin gishiri don ƙirƙirar yanayin feshin gishiri kwatankwacin wanda aka samu a yanayin teku. A irin wannan yanayi, sodium chloride a cikin ruwan gishiri yana rubewa zuwa Na+ ions da Clions a ƙarƙashin wasu yanayi. Waɗannan ions suna amsa sinadarai tare da kayan ƙarfe don samar da gishirin ƙarfe mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi. Ƙarfe ions, lokacin da aka fallasa su zuwa iskar oxygen, suna raguwa don samar da karin oxides karfe. Wannan tsari na iya haifar da lalacewa da tsatsa da kuma kumburi na karfe ko shafa, wanda hakan kan haifar da matsaloli da dama.

Ga samfuran injiniyoyi, waɗannan matsalolin na iya haɗawa da lalata abubuwan da aka gyara da na'urorin haɗi, cunkoso ko rashin aiki na sassa masu motsi na kayan aikin injiniya saboda toshewa, da buɗe ko gajeriyar da'ira a cikin ƙananan wayoyi da allunan wayar da aka buga, wanda har ma zai iya haifar da karyewar ƙafafu. Dangane da na'urorin lantarki, abubuwan gudanarwa na mafita na gishiri na iya haifar da juriya na insulator saman da juriya da ƙarfi don ragewa sosai. Bugu da kari, juriya tsakanin gishiri fesa kayan lalata da busassun lu'ulu'u na maganin gishiri zai kasance mafi girma fiye da na ƙarfe na asali, wanda zai ƙara juriya da raguwar ƙarfin lantarki a cikin yankin, yana shafar aikin lantarki, don haka yana shafar kayan lantarki na samfurin.